Free CBC Grade 4 Exams

Natural environment

 Natural environment refers to all living and non-living things that occur naturally

Compass direction

• A compass is used to tell direction of one place from another
• The compass has four points namely:
  • North
  • South
  • East
  • West
• The points of a compass are called cardinal points.
• A compass is used to show direction on a map  The arrow of the compass always points to the north  East shows the direction from which the sun rises.
• West shows the direction to which the sun sets.

Using cardinal points to give direction

Natural environment

 Natural environment refers to all living and non-living things that occur naturally

Compass direction

• A compass is used to tell direction of one place from another
• The compass has four points namely:
  • North
  • South
  • East
  • West
• The points of a compass are called cardinal points.
• A compass is used to show direction on a map  The arrow of the compass always points to the north  East shows the direction from which the sun rises.
• West shows the direction to which the sun sets.

                  

                    

Using cardinal points to give direction

Eight compass points

 There are four other points of a compass that are found between four cardinal points.

Location and size of the county in relation to the neighboring counties

• Our country is made up of several counties
• There are 47 counties in Kenya
• Our school is located in Nakuru County

Counties that neighbor our county Nakuru 

• Baringo county to the north
• Laikipia county to the north east
• Nyandarua county to the east
• Kiambu county to the south east
• Kajiado county to the south
• Narok county to the south west
• Bomet county to the west

 

PHYSICAL FEATURES IN THE COUNTY

• Physical features are natural things we see on the surface of the earth
• They show how the land looks like
• Examples of physical features
• Rivers
• Lakes
• Mountains
• Plains
• Valleys
• Swamps
• Plateaus
• Springs
• Hills
• Oceans 

Free CBC Grade 4 Exams

RIVERS

• A river is a natural flow of water in a valley
• Rivers flow throughout the year are called permanent rivers
• Rivers flowing only during wet season are called seasonal rivers
• An area where the river starts is called a source
• Small streams that join the main river are called Tributaries
• A point where two or more rivers meet is called a confluence
• Where the river drains forms its mouth

Examples of rivers in our county

1. River Subukia
2. River Amalo in Olenguruone
3. River Molo
4. River Chawai in Mau forest
5. River Chinga in Subukia
6. River Kabazi 
7. River Chania in Bahati
8. Shrine stream

Some seasonal rivers

1. River Nyarugu in Njoro
2. River Bagaria
3. River Lolderi
4. River Kirimu

WATER FALLS

 It is the flow of a river over a very high place to the ground

Some examples of water falls in our county

1. Bagaria water falls along R.Bagaria
2. Songongo water falls along R.Chewai
3. Glory and along the Subukia escarpment

LAKES

• It is a large depression on the surface of the earth that is filled with water
• Examples
• Lake Nakuru
• Lake Elementaita
• Lake Naivasha
• Lake Oloidien

HILLS

• It is an area that is higher than the surrounding land
• Hills are smaller than mountains
• Examples
• Hyrax hills
• Lions hills
• Man hills
• Eburu hills
• Kerugue hills
• Gilgil hills
• Jogoo hills
• Lesirwa hills
• Jumatatu hills
• Kasambara hills
• Kianjoya hills at miti mingi
• Elge wood hills
• Arashi hills
• Kerima Ndege hills in mbogoini
• Gitunga hills
• Mwiteithia hills in Mbogoini lower subukia
• Honeymoon hill in Nakuru  National park

MOUNTAINS

• It is a large part of the earth surface that is much higher than its surrounding
• Examples
• MT. Menengai
• MT, Longonot
• MT. Suswa

The highest mountain in Nakuru County is MT. Longonot near Maai – Mahiu, Naivasha Sub County

PLAINS

 It is a large low land that is generally flat

1. Elementaita plains
2. Kigio plains
3. Rongai- boror – ngata plains

VALLEYS

• It is a depression between two areas that are high or raised
• Valleys that rivers flow through them are called Valley Rivers
• Examples
• Great rift valley
• Nyatoru valley in Kiambogo
• Subukia valley

SWAMPS

 Are lowlands filled with water and covered by swamps Examples

1. Kiptungar swampsnear Mau forest
2. Sasumua swamp near Muchorwe moto
3. Wila swamp in kuresoi
4. Silbwet swamp in keringet in kuresoi

SPRINGS

• It forms where water flows out of the ground from an underground source
• Examples
• Lake Elementaita springs
• Lake Nakuru springs
• Labere springs
• Oljorai springs
• Kariandusi springs
• Chamuka springs

PLATEAUS

• It is a raised piece of land that is flat at the top
• Examples
• Metha plateau
• Kiambogo – Ndabibi area near Nyatoru valley

Free CBC Grade 4 Exams

OCEANS

 Are very large areas of water where water from different rivers collect.

Examples

Indian Ocean

Importance of physical features 1) Water for domestic and industrial use

• Home for wildlife
• Used for irrigation
• Tourist attraction
• Used for transport
• Clay collected at the river banks is used for modeling
• Rivers act as boundaries
• Plains are good grazing grounds
• Valleys are good for farming

Conserving physical features

 Physical features can be conserved by

1. Plating more trees
2. Not cutting down trees
3. Prevent overuse and deforestation of forest. 
4. Avoid pollution of water bodies.
5. Educate people on importance of physical features.

Seasons in the county Ø There are 4 seasons in a year Ø These are:

1. Hot
2. Cold
3. Dry
4. Rainy

Built environment

• Built environments refer to the human made environment.
• For example schools
• Some of the buildings we see today were built long time ago. They are part of built environment.

Historic built environment in the county

• These are structures/environments that remind us of our history or where we have come from
• Historic built environment refers to features made by people
• These features have a historic value
• They include
• Museums
• Monuments
• Historical buildings
• Cultural centers
• Historical sites

 Historic built environments 

	Name of the built environment	County	Type-museum, monuments, building, cultural centres
1	Fort Jesus	Mombasa
2	Bomas of Kenya	Nairobi	Cultural centre
3	Hyrax museum	Nairobi	museum
4	Lord Egerton castle	Nakuru
5	Jomo Kenyatta monument	Nairobi	Monument
6	Nairobi museum	Nairobi

Importance of the historic built environment 

• They create a sense of belonging
• They serve as resources learning centres
• Attracts tourist and earn as foreign exchange in our county
• They enable social interactions with friends, family and community when we visit them
• Many people are employed to work in historical buildings, museums, and take care of monuments
• They remind us and teach us about our culture
• They are sources of information for learning
• They are used as recreational areas for relaxation

Ways of caring for historic built environments.

• Repair the destroyed parts of historic built environments
• Handle items in the historic environments with care
• Develop conservation messages and place them at historic built environments  Educate other people on the importance of historic built environments  We can also repair broken parts, guard and dust them.
• We can clean, clear bushes, paint or fence the area.
• We should take care of our historic built environments.

Free CBC Grade 4 Exams