Get free Grade 5 Revision Exams In All Subjects
Cleaning The House, Dirt, Brooms, Moppers and Brushes
Reasons for cleaning the house
promotes good health by keeping away germs and bacteria,
it helps retain the original appearance of surfaces in the home,
to help surfaces stay free from stains and remain attractive and in good condition, to cut down cost by cleaning regularly
CLASSIFICATION OF DIRT
Definition of dirt:
Any substance that makes appearance of a surface/object unattractive, it can also be a health hazard.
Classes:
- loose dirt,
- fixed dirt. 3. loose dirt
(i) loose dirt
are fine particles of both organic and inorganic matter. are normally carried by wind and deposited on a number of surfaces and objects,
Classes of loose dirt
animal matter e.g dried skin, waster matter, hair etc. vegetable matter, e.g pollen grains fibres, moulds, bacteria, yeast etc. inorganic matter e.g powdered earth, soot, ashes, fine particles of rocks etc.
(ii) fixed dirt
it is dust that sticks on surfaces, normally held together by grease or moisture, can’t be blown by wind/wiped off by dusting but requires mechanical means, – e.g tarnishes on metals.
NB:- Tarnish can be a health hazard if it occurs on cooking and serving dishes.
Methods of cleaning surfaces:
- Dusting
- Brushing
- Sanction
- Scrubbing
Sweeping
It is removing dust from large surfaces smooth/rough.
Not all dust is removed some is blown into the air and settles back on surfaces.
General methods of sweeping
Get free Grade 5 Revision Exams In All Subjects
Order or work:
Collect all required equipment and materials in order to (a) save time and energy, (b) to prevent unnecessary movement.
Move light furniture to one side of room or centre for easy movement during sweeping,
Close windows and doors to prevent dust being blown about,
Start from furthest corner to fire place/door to keep dirt off cleaned parts. Use forward/side to side strokes overlapping parts so as feet are not covered with dust,
Move furniture to sweep part that are not swept so as all parts of room are cleaned,
Gather dust together and collect using a dustpan because it is easier and comfortable,
Wrap in a newspaper in a polythene bag and dispose it in a dustbin since it is healthier and more hygienic,
Rearrange room and open windows and door to make it neat and fresh.
NB: If earthen sprinkle with water to prevent dust being blown around.
Dusting
Done by gathering up the dust with a clothing on dusting mop.
NB:- Avoid fluffy materials because they shed bits on surface and make it difficult to clean.
NB:-
- If folded, the pad will have no loose corners that can pull down ornaments,
- It gives several clean surfaces,
Starting from top ensures no dust settles on the cleaned surfaces, Use circular movement to puff and shine surfaces,
Remove sticky/dirty marks with a damp cloth/chamois leather,
Shake off dust into a dust bin/waste paper basket so as no dust falls on already dusted parts and for it to clean well,
It is a room used by the sick, dampen duster with water having a disinfectant to avoid dust raising and to kill bacteria.
Shake off inside a lined waste paper basket. Wash and dry then store for dust to be removed from the house and for duster to be used again.
Brushing
Refers to removing dust from rough surfaces using a brush, e.g from carpets, rugs, heavy curtains, mats etc. clothes can also be brushed to remove dust and fluff if not ones that are washed frequently. method is similar to sweeping.
Suction:-
It is removal of dust using a vacuum cleaner,
It is more efficient than sweeping/dusting since dust is sucked into a bag of cleaner and not scattered,
Electric ones come in a variety of shapes, sizes and cost,
Can be used for many jobs of fitted with many attachments for cleaning curtains/upholstered furniture, sweeping, dusting etc.
NB:- the cleaner should always be given enough time when moving over a dirty surface for the suction action to remove dirt. If it is quickly run over it doesn’t work effectively.
Cleaning equipment:
When choosing they should be ones that simplify the task and also perform in an efficient manner.
Basic cleaning equipment:
Brooms
Brushes
Dustpans
Mops
Basins
Buckets
Brooms and brushes:
Types of brushes and broom
Cupboard brooms – have tough bristles,
Short handled brooms – for sweeping small areas/collecting dust, Short brushes normally made of nylon and coconut husks,
Cloth brushes – smooth and have short tuff made from animal hair/synthetic materials,
Bottle brushes – twisted on wire,
Soft brooms – for removing loose dirt,
Cobweb brushes – have long handles,
Toilet brushes – are for cleaning toilet bowls made from nylon/coconut husks. Wire brushes – for cleaning terrazzo floor, not suitable for wooden floors, Scrubbing brushes – from palm tree fibre and nylon. For scrubbing wood, cement, clean canvas, shoes etc.
Get free Grade 5 Revision Exams In All Subjects
Choice and care of broom and brushes
Should be quality ones, durable and efficient at performing tasks, Consider workmanship i.e.
- bristles should be firmly fixed,
- handle should be durable,
- should be of comfortable lengthShould be easy to clean and store.
Care of Brooms:
Shake off dust after use,
Clean in warm soapy water combing bristles,
Rinse well,
Hang bristles down to dry,
Clean toilet ones in water having a disinfectant,
Store them in an open container kept besides the toilet.
A mop is for removing loose dirt. Clean just like a floor cloth.
Types of masks
Dry mops
made of twisted cotton threads with long handle, Damp mops :
Wet mops :
similar to dry mops, for cleaning floors with water in the basin.
Mop buckets can be used and are made of plastic/galvanized iron,
Polishing mops – for polishing by hand,
A long handled foam mop – made of sponge and steel handle. A dusting mop – made of feathers.
CLEANING MATERIALS
water detergent toilet cleaners, stain removers polishes soap abrasives window cleaners bleaches
Get free Grade 5 Revision Exams In All Subjects
